System
System logs
dmesg
To print kernel log use dmesg, for example:
# Print log with human-readable output and no pager
dmesg -H -P
journalctl
For Systemd services, use Systemd/Journal with command such as:
# See log of a systemd unit for the current boot:
journalctl -u systemd-vconsole-setup -b
# Follow new messages:
journalctl -f
Hardware information
lshw, dmidecode
Use lshw
or dmidecode
. For example, to get hardware information about RAM memory:
sudo dmidecode -t memory
sudo lshw -C memory
lsblk
List information about block devices. For example, to get the partition list with their UUID:
lsblk -f
fdisk
Display the partition table:
fdisk -l
To modify the partition table:
fdisk /dev/nvme0n1